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Nepal is located in South Asia between China in the north and India in the south, east, and west. The total land area is 147,181 sq. km, including a water area of 3,830 sq. km. The geographical coordinates are 28°00′N 84°00′E. Nepal falls in the temperate zone north of the Tropic of Cancer.
Nepal’s ecological zones run east to west for about 800 km along its Himalayan axis, 150 to 250 km north to south, and are vertically intersected by the river systems. The country can be divided into three main geographical regions: Himalayan region, mid-hill region, and Terai region. The highest point in the country is Mt. Everest (8,848 meters), while the lowest point is in the Terai plains of Kechana Kalan in Jhapa (60 meters).
The Terai region, with a width ranging from 26 to 32 km and an altitude ranging from 60 to 305 meters, occupies about 17 percent of the total land area of the country.
Kechana Kalan, the lowest point of the country with an altitude of 60 meters, lies in Jhapa district of the eastern Terai.
The southern lowland Terai continues to the Bhabar belt covered with the Char Kose Jhadi forests known for rich wildlife.
Further north, the Siwalik zone (700–1,500 meters) and the Mahabharat range (1,500–2,700 meters) give way to the Duns (valleys), such as Trijuga, Sindhuli, Chitwan, Dang, and Surkhet.
The Midlands (600–3,500 meters), north of the Mahabharat range, is where the two beautiful valleys of Kathmandu and Pokhara lie, covered in terraced rice fields and surrounded by forested watersheds.